Vasha, Philosophy NEVER pretended to be difficult.
Lol, you know, ever since I sat at the foot of the Venerable Master (my Philosophy professor), I find it so hard to answer all these questions in just a few sentences (since I usually argue in my papers), but here's something I think could help you:
1) Truth is something that should work, be agreed upon as a group, given by correct authority, stood the test of time, a custom, anything revealed by a divine being, and finally, something that appears to your senses!
2) You know something through discovery, which usually comes from an inquisitive mind - a person that asks questions. It's the fruit of a person's curiosity, and this proves not only his imminent ignorance but also his natural capacity for knowing.
3) It depends on what context you are referring to. I may say that real is something that exists, and I can say that it is something that experiences pain.
4) If your ways are against the custom of a certain region, or it is against the morals of which you are supposed to follow, then it is something wrong. If it is something that follows those two, then it is right.
5) Do take note that there is a Theistic View, Atheistic View, and an Agnostic View, but I will only explain the Theistic View, since I am having difficulty with understanding the other two views. For St. Thomas Aquinas, he explained God's existence by presenting five ways of God's existence: Motion, Causality, Possibility and Necessity, Gradation, and Design. There are also some who argue that there is no such thing as a divine being, and there are also some who argue that this divine being is dead and we're on our own feet.
My name? Tell your teacher that my name's Dale,
and if he asks why my responses are like that, tell him that I majored in Philosophy and for some reason, I am not surprised with the kind of questions.